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Clinical Pearl · HFpEF

HFpEF Is Not One Disease

HFpEF represents a heterogeneous syndrome. Obesity, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, renal disease, pulmonary hypertension, and metabolic dysfunction may drive very different phenotypes.

Phenotyping matters: the obese-metabolic, hypertensive, atrial myopathy, and right-heart predominant patterns respond differently to treatment.

SGLT2 inhibitors benefit across the spectrum, but rhythm management, weight-directed therapy, and blood pressure control target specific drivers.

Always consider infiltrative and specific etiologies such as cardiac amyloidosis before settling on a generic HFpEF label.

Important notice

This content is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice for any individual patient. Patients should discuss diagnosis and treatment decisions with their own physician, or request a clinical consultation.

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